Anatomy and Function
Within the uterus or womb, the fertilized egg turns into an embryo and develops as fetus until birth. The human uterus is pear-shaped and about 5 to 10 cm long. An adult uterus weighs about 30 to 120 grams. It consists of the endometrium, an innermost layer, smooth muscle and submucosa. Due to the influence of hormones during puberty, the uterus reaches its normal size and after menopause it shrinks again. During pregnancy, it can enlarge a lot. [1] [2]

The endometrium builds a lining periodically which is shed or reabsorbed if no pregnancy occurs. Shedding of the functional endometrial lining is responsible for menstrual bleeding. [1] [2] [MENSTRUATION]

Sexuality
So far it hasn't been completely clarified which role the uterus and its sensitive nerves and strong muscles play in sexuality. It is essential in sexual response by directing blood flow to the pelvis and to the external genitalia, bulging upward and extending the vagina. [3]

After removal (hysterectomy), some women experience less interest in sexuality as well as a negative change of their orgasms. [4] [UTERINE/CERVICAL ORGASM]

Diseases
Myoma and polypi are tumors which can cause pain and pressure in the abdomen, intensified menstruations and urination/stool problems. They don't always have to be treated but when the symptoms are heavy, drug treatment or surgery should be considered. In rare cases, a hysterectomy is necessary. [5] [6]

Culture
In many philosophies, religions and histories, the uterus is referred to as a mystic organ which stands for safety, cradle and femininity. [7]

On the other hand, it is also the origin of hysteria as psychiatric illness as documented in records by Plato and Hippocrates on ancient Egyptian papyri. In case, the uterus is not regularly fed seeds (sperm), it wanders around the body and bites on to the brain. This causes "hysteric" behavior. [7]